Enhancing EFL Students’ Analytical Skills in Discourse Analysis: Insights and Perceptions of ChatGPT’s Effect

Abstract

This study investigated the impact of ChatGPT, an AI-powered conversational
tool, on enhancing the analytical skills of EFL students and their perceptions of
using AI for discourse analysis. Unlike previous studies that primarily examined
AI for language learning in general, this research uniquely explored ChatGPT’s
role in developing higher-order analytical skills in discourse analysis within an
EFL university context. Participants were students enrolled in a discourse analysis
course at the College of Education, English Language Department, Majmaah
University. A mixed-methods design was employed, combining pre- and post-tests
with surveys and interviews. The tests measured students’ abilities to identify,
analyze, and interpret discourse features such as stance, maxims and politeness
strategies, coherence and cohesion, online discourse, and pragmatic meanings.
Findings first indicated a significant improvement in students’ analytical skills
after integrating ChatGPT into classroom activities. In addition, students reported
positive perceptions of using ChatGPT, particularly valuing its interactive
feedback and support for independent learning, although some noted
inconsistencies in its responses. These results suggest that ChatGPT can be an
effective tool for promoting analytical skills in discourse analysis while fostering
positive attitudes toward AI in educational contexts.