The Effect of Guided Inquiry Learning by Virtual Laboratory Assistance in Physics Learning in Indonesian Senior High Schools: A Meta-Analysis

Abstract

There are hundreds of studies on the effect of Guided Inquiry Learning by Virtual Laboratory Assistance (GILVLA) in Physics learning in Senior High School on students’ learning outcomes in science. The studies have some contradictory results. In order to determine the impact of GILVLA on students' science learning outcomes and to gauge the degree of inter-study variation, a meta-analysis research was done. To find pertinent research that falls under the research's purview, the ERIC, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases were investigated. By entering predefined keywords into the databases, it was found that there are 128 articles published in the last decade related to research purposes. Based on the results of the inclusion criteria, there were 24 articles that met the eligible for analysis. The data analysis used Comprehensive Meta-Analysis (CMA) software, and the effect size (ES) index of the Hedges-g metric is obtained based on the estimated randomeffects model. The research findings reveal that the total ES of GILVLA on student outcomes in science learning is 0.94, with a standard error of 0.15. This finding suggests that GILVLA's deployment in Indonesia is effective since it significantly improves students' scientific learning outcomes. Four moderator variables were taken into account while analyzing the degree of variation in the study, and the results revealed significant differences in the sample size (Q=11.45; p0.05) and treatment duration (Q=125.07; p0.05). It was found that the year of study variable (Q=3.71; p>0.05) and a class of study (Q=0.028; p>0.05) did not change the effect size of using GILVLA on students’ science learning outcomes. The findings show that the GILVLA model will achieve a high level of effectiveness by considering the sample size and duration of treatment.