Exploring the Need for Using Science Learning Multimedia to Improve Critical Thinking Elementary School Students: Teacher Perception

Abstract

Distance learning during this pandemic really needs teaching media, especially on abstract science material. This study aims to investigate the teacher's needs for Science Learning Multimedia (SLM) to Improve Critical Thinking Elementary School Students. First, a survey was adopted to 156 teachers from several elementary schools in Jakarta to explore the extent to which the need for SLM was selected by purposive sampling. Second, semi-structured interviews with 10 teachers to obtain direct and valid information. This research focuses on certain aspects, namely 1) Types of media commonly used. 2) Classification of material that is difficult for students to understand, 3) teachers' perceptions about the need for using science learning multimedia to support science learning and 4) teachers' perceptions about the need for using science learning multimedia to support students' critical thinking. Data were examined using quantitative and qualitative methods. In addition, interview analysis resulted in emerging themes related to several conditions raised by teachers to use SLM effectively. These conditions include 1) SLM material, 2) SLM interactivity, 3) ease of use, 4) and the approach used. Findings show that most teachers agree to develop effective and flexible media in exploring abstract science concepts so that students' critical thinking skills increase. This SLM also needs to pay attention to the above conditions. In conclusion, interactive multimedia based on scientific inquiry in science learning is feasible to be developed and applied in the teaching and learning process. This research can also be a reference and input for educators, especially elementary school teachers in creating models and learning media that are active and fun.